Human Adenoviruses Advs - think, that
Adenoviruses members of the family Adenoviridae are medium-sized 90— nm , nonenveloped without an outer lipid bilayer viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double stranded DNA genome. They have a broad range of vertebrate hosts; in humans, more than 50 distinct adenoviral serotypes have been found to cause a wide range of illnesses , from mild respiratory infections in young children known as the common cold to life-threatening multi-organ disease in people with a weakened immune system. This family contains the following genera : [1]. When not restricting the subject to human viruses, Adenoviridae can be divided into five genera: Mastadenovirus , Aviadenovirus , Atadenovirus , Siadenovirus , and Ichtadenovirus. Adenoviruses represent the largest known non-enveloped viruses. The virion also has a unique "spike" or fiber associated with each penton base of the capsid see picture below that aids in attachment to the host cell via the receptor on the surface of the host cell. See Replication Section below for discussion of diverse receptors. In , scientists announced that they had solved the structure of the human adenovirus at the atomic level, making the largest high-resolution model ever. The virus is composed of around 1 million amino acid residues and weighs around MDa. Human Adenoviruses AdvsHuman Adenoviruses Advs Video
Adenovirus life cycleReview ARTICLE
Either your web browser doesn't support Javascript or it is currently turned off. In the latter case, please turn on Javascript support in your web browser and reload this page. Viruses17 Sep12 9 DOI: Wild birds harbour a large number of adenoviruses that remain uncharacterised with respect to their genomic organisation, diversity, and evolution within complex ecosystems. Here, we present the first complete genome sequence of an atadenovirus from a passerine bird that is tentatively named Passerine adenovirus 1 PaAdV The PaAdV-1 genome is 39, bp in length, which was the longest atadenovirus to be sequenced, to the best of our knowledge, and contained 42 putative genes.
Its genome organisation was characteristic of the members of genus Atadenovirus ; however, the novel PaAdV-1 genome was highly divergent and showed the highest sequence similarity with psittacine adenovirus-3 Importantly, PaAdV-1 complete genome was deemed to contain 17 predicted novel genes that click to see more not present in any other adenoviruses sequenced to date, with several Human Adenoviruses Advs these predicted novel genes encoding proteins that harbour transmembrane helices.
Subsequent analysis of the novel PaAdV-1 genome positioned phylogenetically to a distinct sub-clade with all others sequenced atadenoviruses and did not show any Human Adenoviruses Advs close evolutionary relationship.
Associated Data
This study concluded that the PaAdV-1 complete genome described here is not closely related to any other adenovirus isolated from avian or other natural host species and that it should be considered a separate species. The family Adenoviridae contains five accepted genera [ 1 ].
One of these genera, the Atadenoviruswas added into include adenoviruses that were previously assigned to the genus Mastadenovirusbut varied significantly based on genomic size, structure, genes, and gene arrangement. The size of sequenced atadenovirus genomes ranges between 27 and 34 kb, Adenoviguses all have the characteristic inverted terminal repeat ITR found in all adenoviruses [ 7 ]. Atadenoviruses have a set Human Adenoviruses Advs core genes shared with the other adenovirus genera plus genus-specific genes.
A feature of adenoviruses is their ability to acquire genes from go here hosts, bacteria, fungi, and other viruses. The Atadenoviruses appear to be particularly adept at this and all Human Adenoviruses Advs sequenced to date contain five or more genes acquired from other organisms or whose origin is not known [ 58910 ].
These genes are diverse in their function and appear to be lost as often as they are acquired as the atadenoviruses evolve. Atadenoviruses have been detected in a diverse range of hosts, including birds [ 41112131415161718 ], reptiles order Squamata; lizards, snakes, and worm lizardsruminants [ 891519 ], marsupials [ 2021 ], and a common tortoise [ 22 ]. Using a partial DNA polymerase gene sequence, recent studies also report the presence of a large number of novel atadenoviruses circulating in wild passerine species of birds in Australia and Europe and passerine species kept in aviculture collections [ 417Human Adenoviruses Advs ].
Because of the limited sequence information for these passerine adenoviruses, there is still considerable uncertainty about their phylogenetic relationship to each other and other atadenoviruses.]
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