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DuBois and Booker T. Washington disagreed about the best means to realize the promise of freedom and equality for Black Americans contained in the Civil War Amendments. The argument between Washington and DuBois remains of continuing importance in American life because it helps us understand a central point of division in approaches to the same issue today: there is the party of protest, which aligns with DuBois, and a party of self-improvement, more in the spirit of Washington. Does the path to equality for Black Americans lie in protesting injustice, or in pursuing economic and cultural advancement? And to what extent are these two paths, represented by DuBois and Washington, compatible with each other? WEB Dubois and Booker T Washington AWEB Dubois and Booker T Washington A Video
Booker T. Washington vs W.E.B. DuBoisBorn into slavery, Booker T. Washington put himself through school and became a teacher after the Civil War. Inhe founded the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in Alabama now known as Tuskegee Universitywhich grew immensely and focused on training African Americans in agricultural pursuits.
A political adviser and writer, Washington clashed with intellectual W. Du Bois over the best avenues for racial uplift. Born to an enslaved person on April 5,Washington's life had little promise early on. In Franklin County, Virginia, as in most states prior to the Civil War, the child of an enslaved person also became enslaved. Washington's mother, Jane, worked as a Bookrr for plantation owner James Burroughs. His father was an unknown white man, most likely from a nearby plantation. Toting pound sacks was hard work for a small boy, and he was beaten on occasion for not performing his duties satisfactorily. Washington's first exposure to education was from the outside of a schoolhouse near the plantation; looking inside, he saw children his age sitting at desks and reading books. He wanted to do what those children were doing, but he was enslaved, and it was illegal to Wwshington enslaved people to read and write. Washington's mother noticed his interest in learning and got him a book WEB Dubois and Booker T Washington A which he learned the alphabet and how to read and write basic words.
Because he was still working, he got up nearly every morning at 4 a.
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InWashington got a job as a houseboy for Viola Ruffner, the wife of coal mine owner Lewis Ruffner. Ruffner was known for being very strict with her servants, especially boys. But she Washlngton something in Washington — his maturity, intelligence and integrity — and soon warmed up to him. Over the two years he worked for her, she understood his desire for an education and allowed him to go to school for an hour a https://www.ilfiordicappero.com/custom/foster-partners-holdings-limited/hydration-is-an-important-factor-of-exercising.php during the winter months. Along the way, he took odd jobs to support himself. He convinced administrators to let him attend the school and took a job as a janitor to help pay his tuition.
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The school's founder and headmaster, General Samuel C. Armstrong, soon discovered the hardworking Washington and offered him a scholarship, sponsored by a white man. Armstrong had been a commander of a Union African American regiment during the Civil War and was a strong supporter of providing newly freed enslaved people with a practical education.
Armstrong became Washington's mentor, strengthening his values of hard work and strong moral character. Washington graduated from Hampton in with high marks. Inhe was chosen to speak at Hampton's graduation ceremonies, where afterward General Armstrong offered Washington a job read more at Hampton. General Armstrong was asked to recommend a white man to run the school but instead recommended Washington.
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Classes were first held in an old church, while Washington traveled all over the countryside promoting the school and raising money. He reassured white people that nothing in the Tuskegee program would threaten white supremacy or pose any economic competition to white people. Under Washington's leadership, Tuskegee became a leading school in the country. Washington put much of himself into the school's curriculum, stressing the virtues of patience, enterprise, and thrift. He taught that economic success for African Americans would take time, and that subordination to white people was a necessary evil until African Americans could prove they were worthy of full economic and political rights.
He believed that if African Americans worked hard and obtained financial independence and cultural advancement, they would eventually win acceptance and respect from the white community. InWashington publicly put forth his philosophy on race relations in a speech at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia, known as the "Atlanta Compromise. This started snd firestorm in parts of the African American community, especially in the North. Activists like W. Du Bois who was working as a professor at Atlanta University at the time deplored Washington's conciliatory philosophy and his belief that African Americans were only suited to vocational training.]
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