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The first stages of expansion were accomplished largely by convict labor hauling in ashes for landfill. The island is politically part of the Bronx, although bridge access is from Queens. The island is home to one of the world's largest correctional institutions and mental institutions, [6] and has been described as New York's most famous jail. The rest of the population have been convicted and are serving short sentences. Rikers Island has a reputation for violence, both abuse and neglect of inmates, attracting increased media and judicial scrutiny that has resulted in numerous rulings against the New York City government, and numerous assaults by inmates on uniformed and civilian staff, resulting in often serious injuries. In May , Rikers Island ranked as one of the ten worst correctional facilities in the United States, based on reporting in Mother Jones magazine. In there were 9, assaults, the highest number in five years. In a report titled "Smaller, Safer, Fairer: A roadmap to closing Rikers Island", Mayor Bill de Blasio announced his intention to close the jail complex at Rikers Island within 10 years, if the city's crime rates stay low and the population at Rikers were reduced from 10, to 5,Pity, that: Gang Violence Effects On Recidivism Through Rehabilitation
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| Gang Violence Effects On Recidivism Through Rehabilitation | Rikers Island (/ ˈ r aɪ k ər z /) is a acre (hectare) island in the East River between Queens and the Bronx that is home to New York City's main jail complex. Supposedly named after Abraham Rycken, who bought the island in , the island was originally under acres (40 ha) in size, but has since grown to more than acres ( ha). The first stages of expansion were Location: The Bronx, New York City. 5 days ago · Gang Suppression and Intervention Community Models - Free download as PDF File .pdf), Text File .txt) or read online for free. Scribd is the world's largest social . A prison (also known as a jail or gaol (dated, British and Australian English), penitentiary (American English), detention center (or centre if outside the US), correction center (American English), correctional facility, lock-up or remand center) is a facility in which inmates (or prisoners) are forcibly confined and denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the state. |
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Sexual violence is any sexual act or attempt to obtain a sexual act by violence or coercionacts to traffic a person or acts directed against a person's sexualityregardless of the relationship to the victim. Sexual violence is a serious public health problem and has a profound short or long-term impact on physical and mental health, such as an increased risk of sexual and reproductive health problems, [6] an increased risk of suicide or HIV infection. Murder occurring either during a sexual assault or as a result of an honor killing in response to Gang Violence Effects On Recidivism Through Rehabilitation sexual assault is also a factor of sexual violence. Though women and girls suffer disproportionately from these aspects, read more sexual violence can occur to anybody at any age; it is an act of violence that can be perpetrated by parents, caregivers, acquaintances and strangers, as well as intimate partners.
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It is rarely a crime of passionand is rather an aggressive act that frequently aims to express power Rehabiitation dominance over the victim. Sexual violence remains Recieivism stigmatized in all settings, thus levels of disclosure of the assault vary between regions. In general, it is a Gang Violence Effects On Recidivism Through Rehabilitation underreported phenomenon, thus available data tend to underestimate the true scale of the problem. In addition, sexual violence is also a neglected area of research, thus deeper understanding of the issue is imperative in order to promote a coordinated movement against it. Domestic sexual violence is distinguished from conflict-related sexual violence. In times of conflict, sexual violence tends to be an inevitable repercussion of warfare trapped in an ongoing cycle of impunity. From a historical perspective, sexual violence was considered as only happening to women and as being commonplace and "normal" during both war and peace times from the Ancient Greeks to the 20th century.
This led to the negligence of any indications of what the methods, aims and magnitude of such violence was. It took until the end of the 20th century for sexual violence to no longer be considered a minor issue and to gradually become criminalized.
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The World Health Organization WHO in its World Report on Violence and Health defined sexual violence as: "any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to traffic, or otherwise directed, against a person's sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their Gang Violence Effects On Recidivism Through Rehabilitation to the victim, in any setting, including but not limited to home and work". Sexual violence consists in a purposeful action of which the intention is often to inflict severe humiliation on the victim s and diminish human dignity. In the case where others are forced to watch acts of sexual violence, such acts aim at intimidating the larger community.
Other acts incorporated in sexual violence are various forms of sexual assaultssuch as forced contact between mouth and penis, vulva or anus.
Coercion, with regard to sexual violence, can cover a whole spectrum of degrees of force. Apart from physical force, it may involve psychological intimidationblackmail or other Vlolence — Gang Violence Effects On Recidivism Through Rehabilitation instance, the threat of physical harm, of being dismissed from a job or of not obtaining a job that is sought. It may also occur when the person being attacked is unable to give consent — for instance, while drunk, drugged, asleep or mentally incapable of understanding the situation. Such broader definitions of sexual violence are found within international law.
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ICC has established in article 7 1 g that "rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization, or any other form of sexual violence of comparable gravity" constitutes a crime against humanity.]
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