Environmental Assessment Of The Human Race
A natural ocean soundscape is Thee to healthy marine life but is being drowned out by an increasingly loud cacophony of noise from human activities, according to the first comprehensive assessment of the issue. The damage caused by noise is as harmful as overfishing, pollution and the climate crisis, the scientists said, but is being dangerously overlooked. The good news, they said, is that noise can be stopped instantly and does not have lingering effects, as the other problems do.
Marine animals can hear over much greater distances than they can see or smell, making sound crucial to many aspects of life.
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From whales to shellfish, sealife uses sound to catch prey, navigate, defend territory and attract mates, as well as find homes and warn of attack. Noise pollution increases the risk of death and in extreme cases, such as explosions, kills directly.
Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel burning are also making the oceans more acidic, meaning the water carries sound further, leading to an even noisier ocean, the researchers said. But the movement of marine mammals and sharks into previously noisy areas when the Covid pandemic slashed ocean traffic showed that Environmental Assessment Of The Human Race life could recover rapidly from noise pollution, they said.
The review, published in the journal Scienceanalysed more than studies that assessed the effects of noise on sea life.
The most obvious impact is the link between military sonar and seismic survey detonations and deafness, mass strandings, and deaths of marine mammals. But many uses of sound can be harmed, such as the hums that male toadfish use to attract females and the source that cod use to coordinate spawning. Baleen whales produce calls to help group cohesion and reproduction that can travel across ocean basins, and humpback whales sing complex mating songs that have regional dialects.
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Sperm whales and various dolphins and porpoises use sonar to echolocate prey. However, over the past 50 years, increased shipping has raised low-frequency noise on major routes by 32 times, the review said.
Fishing vessels use sonar to find shoals of fish and bottom trawlers create rumbling noise. The construction and operation of oil rigs and offshore windfarms also cause noise pollution, as does the detonation of second world war bombs in the North Sea. It also means that https://www.ilfiordicappero.com/custom/college-is-not-for-everyone/what-are-stereotypes.php that might have lived in a family and hunted over hundreds of miles have to live within 10 miles of each other to be able to communicate.
There are solutions, the review found, with a retrofit of five large container ships by shipping giant Maersk in showing that new propeller designs reduce noise and also increase fuel efficiency.
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Electric motors are another possible solution, as are small reductions in speed. For example, cutting the speeds of noisy vessels in the Mediterranean from Seismic surveys can also Assesament carried out using seabed vibrators, rather than sending noise waves through the whole water column. Environment Climate change Wildlife Energy Pollution.
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