President Bush Implements A Wave Of Legislation - are some
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George W. Bush, Bill Clinton Conversation on Leadership From the George W. Bush Presidential CenterThe Labor Management Relations Act ofbetter known as the Taft—Hartley Actis a United States federal law that restricts the activities and power of labor unions.
Trumanbecoming law on June 23, Taft-Hartley was introduced in the aftermath of a major strike wave in and Though it was enacted by the Republican -controlled 80th Congress, the law received significant support from congressional Democratsmany of whom joined with their Republican colleagues in voting to override Truman's veto. The act continued to generate opposition after Truman left President Bush Implements A Wave Of Legislation, but it remains in effect. The NLRA also allowed states to pass right-to-work laws banning union shops. Enacted during the early stages of the Cold Warthe law required union officers to sign non-communist affidavits with the government. In andan unprecedented wave of major strikes affected the United States; by February nearly 2 million workers were engaged in strikes or other labor disputes.
Organized labor had largely refrained from striking during World War IIbut with the end of the war, labor leaders were eager to share in the gains from a postwar economic resurgence.
The mid-term elections left Republicans in control of Congress for the first time since the early s. Taft and Republican Congressman Fred A. Hartley Jr. Taft's bill passed the Senate by a to majority, but some of its original provisions were removed by moderates like Republican Senator Wayne Morse.
Meanwhile, the stronger Hartley bill garnered a to majority in the House of Representatives. The Taft-Hartley bill that emerged from a conference committee incorporated aspects from both the House and Senate bills. After spending several days considering how to respond to the bill, President Truman vetoed Taft—Hartley with a strong message to Congress, [7] calling the act a "dangerous intrusion on free speech.
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The amendments enacted in Taft—Hartley added a list of prohibited actions, or unfair labor practiceson the part of unions to the NLRA, which had previously only prohibited unfair labor practices committed by employers.
The Taft—Hartley Act prohibited jurisdictional strikeswildcat strikessolidarity or political strikes, secondary boycottssecondary and mass picketingclosed shopsand monetary donations by unions to federal political campaigns. It also required union officers to sign non-communist affidavits with the government. Union shops were heavily restricted, and states were allowed to pass right-to-work laws that ban agency fees. Furthermore, the executive branch of the federal government could obtain legal strikebreaking injunctions if an impending or current strike imperiled the national health or Legislahion.
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In jurisdictional strikes, outlawed President Bush Implements A Wave Of Legislation Taft—Hartley, Prseident union strikes in order to assign particular work to the employees it represents. Secondary boycotts and common situs picketing, also outlawed by the act, are actions in which unions picket, strike, or refuse to handle the goods of Legilsation business with which they have no primary dispute but which is associated with a targeted business.
According to First Amendment scholar Floyd Abramsthe Act "was the first law barring unions and corporations from making independent expenditures in support of or [in] opposition to federal candidates". The law outlawed closed shops which were contractual agreements that required an employer to hire only labor union members. Union shops, still permitted, require new recruits to join the union within a certain amount of time. The National Labor Relations Board and the courts have added other restrictions on the power of unions to enforce union security clauses and have required them to make extensive financial disclosures to all members as part of their duty of fair representation.]
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